Spain’s education reform reflects a growing trend across Europe, where countries are increasingly focusing on inclusion and individualised learning. The reforms aim to address the rising number of children with special educational needs and ensure that every pupil receives the support they need.
Key changes
Class sizes
The new rules will cap primary school classes at 22 pupils, while secondary schools will limit classes to 25 pupils. This reduction is intended to create a more personalised learning environment, especially for pupils with special educational needs. Each SEND child will count as two pupils when calculating class size, ensuring teachers can provide the necessary attention and support.
Teacher workload
The reforms also address teacher workloads. EYFS, primary and special education teachers will now teach a maximum of 23 hours per week, while secondary and baccalaureate teachers will be limited to 18 hours. Despite fewer classroom hours, teachers will maintain a 37.5-hour working week, with additional time allocated for lesson preparation, collaboration and engaging with parents.
Five-year rollout
The transition to the new standards will be gradual – and full implementation is expected by 2031. This phased approach will allow different regions to adapt and tackle unique challenges around logistics and finance.
Some have raised concerns about the lack of detailed financial planning and coordination between regions, but most agree that the reforms are positive for children and a step towards a more modern and equitable education system.
References
- Spain plans to reduce class sizes in primary and secondary schools: these are the new ratios of teachers to pupils. Available at: https://www.surinenglish.com/spain/spain-plans-reduce-class-sizes-primary-and-20251010154745-nt.html (Accessed 10 March 2026)
